Dysphania numana (Cramer, 1779)
(one synonym is : Heleona fenestrata)
Peacock Jewel
or 4 O'Clock Moth
GEOMETRINAEGEOMETRIDAE

Don Herbison-Evans ( donherbisonevans@yahoo.com )
&
Stella Crossley

(updated 18 May 2009)

Dysphania numana
(Photo: courtesy of Justine Coupe, Cairns)

These caterpillars are yellow with pairs of black spots along the back. The caterpillars have been reported to feed on :

  • Freshwater Mangrove ( Carallia brachiata, RHIZOPHORACEAE ), and
  • Eudia ( Melicope elleryana, RUTACEAE ).

    Dysphania numana
    (Photo: courtesy of Peter Daniel)

    These Caterpillars had an extraordinary behaviour observed in October in Kuanda, Queensland. The caterpillars each positioned themselves so that they were hanging on a stem between penultimate and final leaves on that stem. There were many Caterpilars of the same species on the tree, and they looked at first glance to be the catkin flowers of the tree. Only closer inspection revealed that the "flowers" were in fact caterpillars. They had a length of about 6 cms.

    Dysphania numana
    (Photo: courtesy of Bruce Parker, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville)

    The adult moths are large for the family, reaching a wingspan of up to 8 cms. Whilst being somewhat variable, they are generally dark blue with clear areas in both fore wings, and an irregular row of orange spots around the outer edge of each hind wing. The body is banded in dark blue and orange.

    Dysphania numana
    (Photo: taken at Dunk Island, courtesy of Ted Cadwallader)

    The species is found in tropical Australiasia, including:

  • Indonesia, Northern Territory, and
  • Queensland.


    Further reading :

    Ian F.B. Common,
    Moths of Australia, Melbourne University Press, 1990, pls. 11.2, 37.9, p. 372.

    Paul Zborowski and Ted Edwards,
    A Guide to Australian Moths, CSIRO Publishing, 2007, p. 137.


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